2023-02-09 11:40:11 +00:00
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.Dd January 1, 1980
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2023-03-04 12:14:45 +00:00
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.Dt nixos-install 8
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.Os
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2023-02-09 11:40:11 +00:00
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm nixos-install
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.Nd install bootloader and NixOS
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.Sh SYNOPSIS
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.Nm nixos-install
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.Op Fl -verbose | v
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.Op Fl I Ar path
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.Op Fl -root Ar root
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.Op Fl -system Ar path
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.Op Fl -flake Ar flake-uri
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.Op Fl -impure
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.Op Fl -channel Ar channel
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.Op Fl -no-channel-copy
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.Op Fl -no-root-password | -no-root-passwd
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.Op Fl -no-bootloader
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.Op Fl -max-jobs | j Ar number
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.Op Fl -cores Ar number
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.Op Fl -option Ar name value
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.Op Fl -show-trace
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.Op Fl -keep-going
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.Op Fl -help
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.
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.
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.
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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This command installs NixOS in the file system mounted on
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.Pa /mnt Ns
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, based on the NixOS configuration specified in
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.Pa /mnt/etc/nixos/configuration.nix Ns
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\&. It performs the following steps:
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.
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.Bl -enum
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.It
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It copies Nix and its dependencies to
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.Pa /mnt/nix/store Ns
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\&.
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.
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.It
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It runs Nix in
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.Pa /mnt
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to build the NixOS configuration specified in
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.Pa /mnt/etc/nixos/configuration.nix Ns
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\&.
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.
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.It
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It installs the current channel
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.Dq nixos
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in the target channel profile (unless
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.Fl -no-channel-copy
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is specified).
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.
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.It
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It installs the GRUB boot loader on the device specified in the option
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.Va boot.loader.grub.device
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(unless
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.Fl -no-bootloader
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is specified), and generates a GRUB configuration file that boots into the NixOS
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configuration just installed.
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.
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.It
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It prompts you for a password for the root account (unless
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.Fl -no-root-password
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is specified).
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.El
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.
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.Pp
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This command is idempotent: if it is interrupted or fails due to a temporary
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problem (e.g. a network issue), you can safely re-run it.
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.
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.Sh OPTIONS
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.Bl -tag -width indent
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.It Fl -verbose , v
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Increases the level of verbosity of diagnostic messages printed on standard
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error. For each Nix operation, the information printed on standard output is
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well-defined; any diagnostic information is printed on standard error, never on
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standard output.
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.Pp
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Please note that this option may be specified repeatedly.
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.
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.It Fl -root Ar root
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Defaults to
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.Pa /mnt Ns
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\&. If this option is given, treat the directory
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.Ar root
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as the root of the NixOS installation.
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.It Fl -system Ar path
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If this option is provided,
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.Nm
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will install the specified closure rather than attempt to build one from
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.Pa /mnt/etc/nixos/configuration.nix Ns
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\&.
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.Pp
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The closure must be an appropriately configured NixOS system, with boot loader
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and partition configuration that fits the target host. Such a closure is
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typically obtained with a command such as
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.Ic nix-build -I nixos-config=./configuration.nix '<nixpkgs/nixos>' -A system --no-out-link Ns
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\&.
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.
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.It Fl -flake Ar flake-uri Ns # Ns Ar name
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Build the NixOS system from the specified flake. The flake must contain an
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output named
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.Ql nixosConfigurations. Ns Ar name Ns
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\&.
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.
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.It Fl -channel Ar channel
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If this option is provided, do not copy the current
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.Dq nixos
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channel to the target host. Instead, use the specified derivation.
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.
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.It Fl I Ar Path
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Add a path to the Nix expression search path. This option may be given multiple
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times. See the
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.Ev NIX_PATH
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environment variable for information on the semantics of the Nix search path. Paths added through
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.Fl I
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take precedence over
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.Ev NIX_PATH Ns
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\&.
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.It Fl -max-jobs , j Ar number
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Sets the maximum number of build jobs that Nix will perform in parallel to the
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specified number. The default is 1. A higher value is useful on SMP systems or
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to exploit I/O latency.
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.It Fl -cores Ar N
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Sets the value of the
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.Ev NIX_BUILD_CORES
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environment variable in the invocation of builders. Builders can use this
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variable at their discretion to control the maximum amount of parallelism. For
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instance, in Nixpkgs, if the derivation attribute
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.Va enableParallelBuilding
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is set to true, the builder passes the
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.Fl j Ns Va N
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flag to GNU Make. The value 0 means that the builder should use all available CPU cores in the system.
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.
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.It Fl -option Ar name value
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Set the Nix configuration option
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.Ar name
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to
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.Ar value Ns
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\&.
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.
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.It Fl -show-trace
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Causes Nix to print out a stack trace in case of Nix expression evaluation errors.
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.
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.It Fl -keep-going
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Causes Nix to continue building derivations as far as possible in the face of failed builds.
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.
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.It Fl -help
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Synonym for
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.Ic man nixos-install Ns
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\&.
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.El
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.
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.Sh EXAMPLES
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A typical NixOS installation is done by creating and mounting a file system on
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.Pa /mnt Ns
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, generating a NixOS configuration in
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.Pa /mnt/etc/nixos/configuration.nix Ns
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, and running
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.Nm Ns
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\&. For instance, if we want to install NixOS on an ext4 file system created in
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.Pa /dev/sda1 Ns
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:
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.Bd -literal -offset indent
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$ mkfs.ext4 /dev/sda1
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$ mount /dev/sda1 /mnt
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$ nixos-generate-config --root /mnt
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$ # edit /mnt/etc/nixos/configuration.nix
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$ nixos-install
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$ reboot
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.Ed
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.Sh AUTHORS
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.An -nosplit
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.An Eelco Dolstra
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and
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.An the Nixpkgs/NixOS contributors
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