54 lines
2.1 KiB
XML
54 lines
2.1 KiB
XML
<section xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"
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xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
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xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"
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version="5.0"
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xml:id="sec-declarative-package-mgmt">
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<title>Declarative Package Management</title>
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<para>
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With declarative package management, you specify which packages you want on
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your system by setting the option
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<xref linkend="opt-environment.systemPackages"/>. For instance, adding the
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following line to <filename>configuration.nix</filename> enables the Mozilla
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Thunderbird email application:
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<programlisting>
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<xref linkend="opt-environment.systemPackages"/> = [ pkgs.thunderbird ];
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</programlisting>
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The effect of this specification is that the Thunderbird package from Nixpkgs
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will be built or downloaded as part of the system when you run
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<command>nixos-rebuild switch</command>.
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</para>
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<note>
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<para>
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Some packages require additional global configuration such as D-Bus or systemd service registration so adding them to <xref linkend="opt-environment.systemPackages"/> might not be sufficient. You are advised to check the <link xlink:href="#ch-options">list of options</link> whether a NixOS module for the package does not exist.
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</para>
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</note>
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<para>
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You can get a list of the available packages as follows:
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<screen>
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<prompt>$ </prompt>nix-env -qaP '*' --description
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nixos.firefox firefox-23.0 Mozilla Firefox - the browser, reloaded
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<replaceable>...</replaceable>
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</screen>
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The first column in the output is the <emphasis>attribute name</emphasis>,
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such as <literal>nixos.thunderbird</literal>.
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</para>
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<para>
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Note: the <literal>nixos</literal> prefix tells us that we want to get the
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package from the <literal>nixos</literal> channel and works only in CLI tools.
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In declarative configuration use <literal>pkgs</literal> prefix (variable).
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</para>
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<para>
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To “uninstall” a package, simply remove it from
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<xref linkend="opt-environment.systemPackages"/> and run
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<command>nixos-rebuild switch</command>.
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</para>
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<xi:include href="customizing-packages.xml" />
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<xi:include href="adding-custom-packages.xml" />
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</section>
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